Introduction

Acid erosion is one of the most common causes of tooth wear. Unlike decay, which is caused by bacteria, erosion occurs when acids from food, drinks, or even stomach acid soften and wear away the enamel. According to the Oral Health Foundation and the College of General Dentistry, acid erosion can make teeth more sensitive, discoloured, and prone to damage if left unmanaged. The good news is that there are simple steps you can take to protect your teeth.

What Is Acid Erosion?

Acid erosion (also known as dental erosion) is the gradual loss of tooth enamel due to acid. Once enamel is lost, it cannot grow back. Common signs include:

• Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods.
• Teeth looking thinner or more translucent at the edges.
• Yellowing, as the underlying dentine becomes more visible.
• Rounded or cupped surfaces on teeth.

Common Causes of Acid Erosion

• Fizzy drinks, fruit juices, and energy drinks – high in both sugar and acid.
• Frequent snacking on citrus fruits – lemon, oranges, and other acidic foods.
• Vinegar-based foods – pickles and dressings.
• Medical conditions – acid reflux, eating disorders, or frequent vomiting can expose teeth to stomach acid.
• Lifestyle factors – sipping drinks throughout the day increases acid exposure.

The British Society of Paediatric Dentistry stresses that repeated acid attacks, rather than large amounts in one go, cause the most damage over time.

How to Protect Your Teeth from Acid Erosion

1. Be Mindful of What You Drink

• Choose water or milk instead of fizzy or fruit drinks.
• If you do have acidic drinks, limit them to mealtimes.
• Use a straw to minimise contact with teeth.

2. Don’t Brush Immediately After Acidic Foods or Drinks

• Acid softens enamel temporarily. Brushing straight away can wear it down faster.
• Wait at least 30–60 minutes before brushing.

3. Strengthen and Protect Enamel

• Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste to help enamel resist acid.
• Your dentist may recommend a high-fluoride toothpaste or professional treatments if you’re at higher risk.

4. Stimulate Saliva Flow

• Chew sugar-free gum to increase saliva, which helps neutralise acid.
• Stay hydrated – saliva is your body’s natural defence against erosion.

5. Address Medical Conditions

• If you suffer from reflux or frequent vomiting, speak to your GP and dentist for combined care.

FAQs

Can acid erosion be reversed?

No. Enamel cannot regrow, but early stages can be managed and progression slowed with the right care.

Are “diet” fizzy drinks safe for teeth?

No. Even sugar-free fizzy drinks are acidic and can erode enamel.

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